It's not complicated, if you understand it, you wouldn't be asking. You are confused on several points. Some land is federal-some land is state owned. If it's state owned, the state gets it. If it's federal, the national government gets it. If you want your money, all you have to do is move to alaska, live there for a year, and you get your share. Oil companies HAVE TO PAY for the right to drill. It's established by a BIDDING process. They DO NOT get their money back if they find no oil.
NEWSFLASH-corporations by DEFINITION are OWNED by their shareholders. Go buy some XOM, NOV, RIG, or whatever and stop whining.
Do you propose the national government taking account of every single resource-coal in the midwest, oil in the alaska, minerals in the rockies, lumber in oregon, the list goes on and on, deviding up the revenue, magically coming up with a good figure for the original land owner(s), then dispersing between every man, woman and child in the nation? The transaction costs would probably overwhelm the entire natural resource profitability. Most of the profit is made with what* you do with natural resources, on the the aquisition of them.