Arata said:
If development costs AND production costs are 1 Billion Dollars
And profits on each car are $50,000, $40,000, $30,000 $20,000
They would have to sell :
20,000 cars @ $50,000 profit To break even
25,000 cars @ $40,000 profit to break even
33,000 cars @ $30,000 profit to break even
50,000 cars @ $20,000 profit to break even
I do not think the 1 billion dollar number is realistic.
Thanks for the correction on the earlier math, please check this also.
You're right, the $1B figure isn't realistic. It's likely too low.
A trip to the bookstore or library can go a long way in helping you see exactly the type of massive financial committment that new models incur on their creators. Even light facelifts, like the sort that added the new front and rear ends to the NSX in 2002 cost hundreds of millions of dollars to implement. I believe Honda pegged the 2002 upgrade at $200M to be exact, but someone will have to check me on that.
And of course they'll never make the investment back, not by a long shot. The NSX is a halo car, produced only for the status it brings its maker. It's a loss leader basically, getting people into dealerships for Accords, and Civics, and RSXs, etc. It makes a profit for the company in other ways besides unit sales.
Anyway:
1. The average car is manufactured with a 40 - 60% gross margin, meaning if the car has an MSRP of $100k, then it cost Ford, or Honda, or whoever, approximately $40 - $60k to manufacture it. Again, this is gross.
2. This doesn't apply as equally in the sports car niche, because car mfgs sometimes will manipulate the price of the car based on market demand, either lower or higher. If the mfg is a status marque that's hot at the moment, like say Bentley, or Ferrari, etc, then the msrp is adjusted higher.
3. As you mentioned in your post, you need volume in order for a totally new platform to amortize properly. Some mfgs, like Nissan of late with their popular FR Altima/350Z/G35 platform, share the engine/drivetrain platform across multiple models in order to amortize the original development costs. Sports cars don't have this luxury usually, because you can't take a 360's engine or chassis or tooling, and use it on any other Ferrari model due to perception problems. Sports car buyers want exclusivity, Gallardo owners for example barely tolerate the amount of component sharing that has gone on between their car's 5.0L V10 and the Audi 4.2L V8 that it was sourced from.
All three of these items turned the original NSX into an incredible cash burner for Honda over the past decade.
There was no sales volume to speak of past the initial launch year, 1992, and 1995, and they weren't able to share the platform, engine, or Tochigi's tooling with any other model, because the NSX's tooling was proprietary to that single car.
But again, Honda adds value to the NSX through the fact that it is a pinnacle product that shows what the company is capable of. In that light it's profitable, because who knows how many more low-end hondas were sold to people partly because the NSX was such a great figure-head.